Computer Implementation of Blockchain Network

Short Answer Question

What does the "blockchain network node" mentioned in this patent application refer to?

Why do transactions on the blockchain need to be verified?

In traditional blockchain implementations, what impact does block confirmation have on the memory pool?

What is the "super node" proposed in this patent application? What does it do?

What is a Bloom filter? What role does it play in this patent application?

What is the difference between a reversible Bloom lookup table (IBLT) and a Bloom filter?

Why does this patent application introduce a new Merkle tree structure?

What is the "commitment transaction" mentioned in this patent application? What role does it play?

How does the new full node structure solve the problem of large block storage?

What is the incentive mechanism mentioned in this patent application? What role does it play?

Answer

A blockchain network node refers to a distributed electronic device that runs an instance of the blockchain protocol. These devices can participate in a blockchain network, such as the Bitcoin network. Each node maintains a copy of the blockchain and participates in verifying and broadcasting transactions.

Transactions on the blockchain need to be verified to ensure their validity and prevent fraud such as double spending. Nodes perform verification by running lock and unlock scripts and checking whether the transaction meets specific conditions.

In traditional blockchain implementations, when a block is confirmed, all transactions contained in the block are removed from the memory pool. This means that if a block eventually becomes an orphan, all transactions in the block will need to be rebroadcast on the network, which may cause delays.

Supernodes are special nodes with greater storage and processing power that can store complete blockchain data and provide data services to other nodes. It can effectively solve the problem of large block storage and fast retrieval.

Bloom filter is a probabilistic data structure used to test whether an element is in a set. In this patent application, Bloom filter is used to quickly check whether a transaction exists in the memory pool or block, thereby improving efficiency.

Reversible Bloom Lookup Table (IBLT) is an extension of Bloom filter, which can not only determine whether an element exists, but also insert and delete elements. Compared with Bloom filter, IBLT is more flexible and suitable for scenarios that require dynamic updates.

The new Merkle tree structure is introduced to support large blocks and custom transaction lists. The new Merkle tree can more efficiently represent and verify large-scale data, while supporting grouping and sorting of transactions.

Commitment transactions are a special type of transaction used to pay verification nodes. When miners pack blocks, they include commitment transactions in the blocks, and verification nodes are rewarded by verifying and storing blocks.

The new full node structure solves the problem of large block storage by introducing dedicated storage nodes. Verification nodes are responsible for verifying transactions and sending the verified transaction list to storage nodes for storage, thereby separating the storage and verification functions.

Incentive mechanism refers to encouraging nodes to participate in the blockchain network through economic rewards. For example, miners get Bitcoin rewards through mining, verification nodes get handling fee rewards by providing verification services, and storage nodes get rewards by providing storage services.

Paper title

Analyze and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two full node structures proposed in this patent application, and discuss their applicability in different application scenarios.

Explain in detail the new Merkle tree structure proposed in this patent application, and analyze how it improves the processing efficiency of large blocks.

Explore how the incentive mechanism proposed in this patent application ensures the security and stability of the blockchain network, and analyze its potential risks and challenges.

Compare the method proposed in this patent application with other large block solutions, such as SegWit and Lightning Network, and analyze their advantages and disadvantages.

Discuss the impact of the technical innovations of this patent application on the development of blockchain technology and look forward to its future application prospects.

Glossary

Blockchain network node: a distributed electronic device that runs an instance of the blockchain protocol and participates in the verification and broadcasting of transactions.

Memory pool: a cache area that stores transactions waiting to be verified and packaged into blocks.

Supernode: a special node with larger storage capacity and processing power that can store complete blockchain data.

Bloom filter: a probabilistic data structure used to test whether an element is in a set.

Reversible Bloom Lookup Table (IBLT): an extension of Bloom filter that supports element insertion and deletion operations.

Merkle tree: a tree data structure used to efficiently verify the integrity of large-scale data.

Commitment transaction: a special type of transaction used to pay rewards to validating nodes.

Incentive mechanism: an incentive mechanism for nodes to participate in the blockchain network through economic rewards.

Distributed hash table (DHT): a distributed key-value storage system used to store and retrieve data in the network.