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Blockchain Data Verification Study Guide

Short Answer Questions

Why is blockchain technology not suitable for storing large data?

The main reason why blockchain technology is not suitable for storing large data is the limitation of block size. In order to ensure efficient data transmission and consistency between nodes in the blockchain network, each block can only hold a limited amount of data. If large data is stored directly on the blockchain, it will take up a lot of space and reduce network efficiency.

Explain the concept of "off-chain storage" in blockchain and its advantages.

Off-chain storage refers to storing large data related to blockchain transactions outside the blockchain network and recording the hash value or other summary information of the data on the blockchain. The advantages of off-chain storage are:

Relieve blockchain storage pressure and improve network efficiency.

Enhance data privacy and only disclose summary information, not complete data.

How is the verification of relevant data and the addition of new blocks carried out during the synchronization verification process?

In the synchronization verification process, the verification of relevant data and the addition of new blocks are carried out simultaneously. When a node proposes to record a transaction on the blockchain, it sends the relevant data to other nodes for verification. Only when all nodes have completed verification and reached consensus, the new block will be added to the blockchain, along with the hash value of the relevant data.

What is the main difference between asynchronous verification and synchronous verification?

The main difference between asynchronous verification and synchronous verification lies in the order of data verification and block addition. In asynchronous verification, transaction information is first added to the blockchain, forming a "pending verification state". Verification of relevant data can be performed later, and the verification results will be updated to the blockchain.

What are the advantages of asynchronous verification?

The advantages of asynchronous verification include: - Improved efficiency: transactions can be recorded on the blockchain first without waiting for all nodes to complete verification. - Support for complex verification logic: Asynchronous verification allows longer time and more resources to complete complex verification processes.

Explain the role of "consensus" in blockchain technology.

Consensus is the core mechanism for ensuring data consistency and security in blockchain technology. It refers to the process by which each node in the blockchain network reaches a consensus on the validity of transactions and the status of the blockchain through specific algorithms and protocols. The consensus mechanism ensures the immutability and reliability of blockchain data.

What role does "smart contract" play in the blockchain system?

A smart contract is a piece of code stored on the blockchain that defines rules that are automatically executed by both parties to a transaction under certain conditions. Smart contracts can automatically execute complex transaction processes, improve efficiency, reduce costs, and reduce the risk of human intervention.

What role does "audit" play in blockchain transactions?

Audit refers to the verification and review of off-chain data related to blockchain transactions to ensure its authenticity, integrity, and validity. The audit process can be performed by one or more nodes to ensure the legality and security of the transaction.

Describe the role of "proposal", "confirmation", and "approval" in the asynchronous verification process.

Proposal: The node sends transaction information to other nodes and requests that it be recorded on the blockchain.

Confirmation: The node confirms receipt of the transaction information and indicates that it will conduct a preliminary review.

Approval: After the node completes the verification of the transaction information and related data, it agrees to formally record it on the blockchain.

Explain how to ensure the integrity of off-chain data during asynchronous verification.

During the asynchronous verification process, the integrity of off-chain data is ensured by hash values. When the relevant data is stored in the off-chain storage, a unique hash value is generated and recorded on the blockchain. During the verification process, the node recalculates the hash value based on the received data and compares it with the hash value recorded on the blockchain. If the two are consistent, the data integrity is not compromised.

Questions and Answers

Detail how blockchain technology is used to store and verify off-chain data.

Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of synchronous and asynchronous verification, and discuss the scenarios in which they are applicable.

Explain the role of smart contracts in managing and verifying off-chain data, and give examples of their applications.

Discuss the security challenges faced by off-chain data storage and verification in blockchain systems, and propose corresponding solutions.

Analyze the development trends of off-chain data storage and verification technology, and look forward to its future application prospects.

Glossary

Term Definition Blockchain A distributed ledger technology used to record and verify transaction data. Off-chain storage stores large data related to blockchain transactions outside the blockchain network. Hash value A one-way encryption algorithm used to generate a unique identifier for data and ensure data integrity. Synchronous verification All nodes complete data verification synchronously before adding the transaction to the blockchain. Asynchronous verification Add the transaction to the blockchain first, and then perform data verification. Consensus The process by which nodes in a blockchain network reach consensus on the validity of transactions and the state of the blockchain. Smart contract is a piece of code stored on the blockchain that defines the rules for automatically executing transactions. Audit verifies and reviews off-chain data related to blockchain transactions. Proposal node requests that transaction information be recorded on the blockchain. Confirmation node confirms receipt of transaction information and indicates that it will conduct a preliminary review. After the approval node completes data verification, it agrees to record the transaction on the blockchain. Intermediate state During the asynchronous verification process, the transaction is conditionally accepted and awaits the final verification result.