Study Guide for Transaction Management in Blockchain Networks

Overview

This study guide is designed to help you review and understand the relevant knowledge of transaction management in blockchain networks, especially about ways to improve transaction verification and storage for greater efficiency and scalability.

Key Terms

Term DefinitionsBlockchainA decentralized distributed ledger that records transactions and tracks assets in a secure, transparent, and tamper-proof manner.TransactionThe act of transferring value that occurs in a blockchain network.Transaction ValidationNodeA node responsible for verifying the validity of a transaction and propagating valid transactions to other nodes in the network.SupernodeA group of validation nodes that share the storage of blockchain data to increase the storage capacity and throughput of the network.MiningThe process of solving computational problems to add new blocks to the blockchain and receive corresponding rewards.Memory pool (Mempool)An area that stores transactions that have been verified but not yet included in a block.Decentralized Hash Table (DHT)A distributed system for distributing and retrieving data between nodes in a network.Reversible Bloom Filter Lookup Table (IBLT)A data structure that allows membership queries on data and provides deletion operations to maintain data consistency. Small Merkle Root A Merkle root calculated without including the coinbase transaction, used to optimize the transaction verification process. A transaction that commits a transaction verification node to provide a list of verified transactions to a miner in exchange for a reward. Short Answer Question

What role does transaction verification play in a blockchain network? Transaction verification ensures that only valid transactions are added to the blockchain. Verification nodes are responsible for checking the integrity of transactions, such as ensuring that the sender has sufficient balance and that the signature of the transaction is valid.

What is the role of miners in a blockchain network? Miners collect verified transactions and package them into blocks. They compete for the right to add new blocks by solving complex computational puzzles and receive block rewards and transaction fees in return.

What are the challenges facing the memory pool? How to solve these challenges? As the number of transactions increases, the size of the memory pool will grow rapidly, putting pressure on the storage capacity of the nodes. To solve this problem, a decentralized hash table (DHT) can be used to distribute the storage of the memory pool among the nodes in the network.

How to increase the transaction throughput of a blockchain network? Transaction throughput can be increased by increasing the block size and reducing the block creation time. However, these methods may affect the decentralization and security of the network.

What are supernodes and how do they improve the scalability of the network? A supernode is a group of validating nodes that share a blockchain data store. By spreading the storage burden across multiple nodes, supernodes can increase the network's storage capacity and throughput.

Explain the concept of a small Merkle root and its role in optimizing transaction verification. A small Merkle root is a Merkle tree root that does not contain a coinbase transaction. This optimization method can reduce the amount of data that a validating node needs to process when verifying a block, thereby improving verification efficiency.

How can IBLT be used to synchronize the memory pools of different nodes? IBLT allows nodes to efficiently identify and exchange information about differences between memory pools, thereby maintaining consistency in the memory pool data of different nodes.

How do commitment transactions incentivize validating nodes? Validating nodes receive rewards for committing transactions by providing a list of verified transactions to miners. This mechanism encourages validating nodes to actively participate in the transaction verification process.

What new field is added to the block header in the modified mining process? A random number field selected by the miner is added to the modified block header. This random number prevents multiple miners from mining the same block and avoids wasting resources.

In addition to transactions, what other resources can users exchange using this system? Users can also use the system to exchange resources such as information, contracts, and tokens. Tokens can represent various assets and resources and are managed and traded through smart contracts.

Thesis topic suggestion

Analyze and compare the advantages and disadvantages of DHT-based memory pools and traditional memory pools in terms of scalability, security, and efficiency.

Explore the impact of large blocks on the degree of decentralization of blockchain networks and propose corresponding solutions.

Design a transaction verification node collaboration scheme based on an incentive mechanism to improve transaction verification efficiency and network security.

Study the application of reversible Bloom filter lookup table (IBLT) in blockchain networks and analyze its impact on transaction synchronization and data consistency.

Explore how to achieve high-throughput transaction processing capabilities while maintaining the decentralization and security of blockchain networks.