Decentralized Authentication

Decentralized Authentication

Term Definition Distributed Transaction State Machine Programs running in a blockchain network, where each node independently executes the same instructions and reaches consensus, such as the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Blockchain A distributed ledger that records transaction data, with the characteristics of decentralization, transparency, and immutability. Smart Contract Program code stored on the blockchain that is automatically executed when preset conditions are met, such as code to verify identity. Public Key Cryptography A type of encryption that uses a pair of keys: a public key and a private key. The public key can be made public, while the private key must be kept secret. Digital signatures use a private key to encrypt information to prove the authenticity and integrity of the source of the information. Authentication Challenge A request initiated by a secure resource to verify identity, such as sending a message containing a random number. Authentication Response A user's reply to an authentication challenge, such as a message signed with a private key. Proof Contract A smart contract used to verify identity and authorize access to secure resources. Secure Resources Resources that require identity verification to access, such as online bank accounts, email servers, etc.

Short Answer Question

What are the advantages of distributed transaction state machines in authentication?

The distributed transaction state machine eliminates the need for a centralized authority and improves security and reliability by running the same code on multiple nodes. Its transparency and immutability also enhance the reliability of the audit trail.

What is the role of the proof contract?

The proof contract is stored on the distributed transaction state machine and is used to verify the user's identity and authorize access requests. It does this by verifying messages signed by users with private keys and can store records of access attempts.

What are the advantages of blockchain-based authentication over traditional password authentication?

Blockchain-based authentication eliminates the need for passwords, thereby reducing the risk of password leaks. It also provides greater security, transparency, and immutability, and allows users to have greater control over their identity data.

What is a digital signature and how is it used for authentication?

A digital signature is a method of encrypting information using a private key to prove the authenticity and integrity of the source of the information. In authentication, users can sign messages with their private keys to prove their control over the associated public key, thereby proving their identity.

In the described authentication method, how do users agree to access requests?

Users receive an authentication challenge on their device and are prompted to agree or deny the access request. Users can authenticate with biometric information (such as a fingerprint scan) or a PIN code to confirm their consent.

What information is typically included in an authentication challenge?

An authentication challenge can include a client identifier, account name, request digest, and a random number. It can also include more detailed information, such as the specific page requested or access channel, for the user to confirm.

In , how are private and public keys used?

The private key is stored on the user's device and is used to digitally sign the authentication response message. The public key corresponding to the private key is stored in the attestation contract and is used to verify the validity of the digital signature.

How does the attestation contract verify the authentication response message?

The attestation contract uses the public key stored in its code to decrypt the digital signature on the authentication response message. If the decryption is successful, it proves that the message was signed by the user who owns the corresponding private key, thereby verifying the identity of the user.

How does the secure resource determine whether to grant access?

The secure resource can query the attestation contract to obtain the authentication result, or receive notification from the attestation contract. If the attestation contract confirms the identity of the user, the secure resource can grant access to the requested resource.

How does the described method provide an audit trail?

The proof contract can store information related to the authentication attempt, such as timestamps, authentication channels, and user device information. This information is stored on the blockchain, providing a transparent and immutable audit trail.