Research on the Data Block Recording Method of Blockchain Network

Research on the Data Block Recording Method of Blockchain Network

Overview

This research guide is designed to help you review and understand the relevant content of the data block recording method in the blockchain network, especially the interaction between the accounting node and the business node and the security verification mechanism.

Test questions

How is the blockchain network architecture proposed in this patent different from the traditional blockchain network architecture?

What are the responsibilities of the accounting node subnetwork and the business node subnetwork respectively?

What is the role of the key specific to the accounting node? How to obtain it?

What are the block packaging requirements? List at least two block packaging requirements.

What role does the proxy node play in the data block chaining and block header distribution process?

How does the business node perform signature verification?

What role does the Merkle tree root play in the data block? How to calculate?

What is the purpose of content verification? How to achieve it?

In what cases will the arbitration server intervene? How to deal with it?

How to determine the accounting node that receives the transaction information to be chained?

Answer

The blockchain network architecture proposed in this patent adopts a two-layer consensus network solution with separated accounting and witnessing, which is different from the traditional architecture where the super node is responsible for both accounting and consensus and witnessing.

The accounting node subnetwork is responsible for recording data blocks on the blockchain, while the business node subnetwork is responsible for witnessing the results of the accounting node records and verifying them.

The key specific to the accounting node is allocated by the authentication center and is used to sign the data block to ensure the source and integrity of the data. The business node can obtain the public key of the key by requesting the authentication center.

The block packaging requirement refers to the conditions for packaging multiple transaction information into a data block for chaining. For example: the total size of the transaction information to be chained in the cache reaches a predetermined threshold, the total number of transaction information to be chained in the cache reaches a predetermined threshold, the cache time reaches a predetermined threshold, etc.

The proxy node is a bridge connecting the accounting node subnetwork and the business node subnetwork. The proxy node is responsible for forwarding the transaction information to be chained of the business node to the accounting node, and sending the block header generated by the accounting node to the business node subnetwork.

The business node obtains the key specific to the accounting node, decrypts the signature to obtain the data summary, and compares it with the received data summary or the summary calculated based on the received transaction information, so as to verify the signature.

The Merkle root is the hash value of all transaction information in the data block, which is used to verify the integrity of the data block and prevent data tampering. The calculation method is to combine the hash values ​​of each transaction information in pairs and perform hash operations to finally obtain a root hash value.

The purpose of content verification is to ensure that the transaction information content recorded by the accounting node on the blockchain is authentic and prevent the accounting node from tampering. The business node verifies the content by comparing the Merkle root calculated by the received transaction information and hash value with the Merkle root in the block header.

When the business node fails to verify the signature or content, the result will be reported to the arbitration server. The arbitration server will verify and take measures if it is confirmed that the accounting node is malicious, such as stopping the accounting node from running, marking the data block invalid, etc.

The proxy node will select the accounting node based on the processing load of the accounting node and the distance from the business node that sends the transaction information to be chained. The most suitable accounting node can be selected by calculating the weighted score of each accounting node.

Essay Question

Try to analyze the advantages of the blockchain network architecture proposed in this patent compared with the traditional blockchain network architecture in terms of security and credibility?

Detailedly explain the process of data block on-chain, including transaction information collection, packaging, signing, consensus and on-chain.

Discuss how business nodes perform signature verification and content verification, and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the two verification methods.

Analyze the role of arbitration servers in maintaining the security and fairness of blockchain networks, and discuss their limitations.

Combined with actual application scenarios, such as supply chain finance, electronic invoices or legal digital currencies, analyze how the blockchain network architecture proposed in this patent solves the problems existing in traditional solutions.

Key Terms

Term DefinitionsThe blockchain network is a distributed database composed of multiple nodes connected together by cryptographic methods, which is used to store and verify data. The accounting node is responsible for recording data blocks on the blockchain and has the right to record accounts. The business node is a user node of the blockchain network, responsible for initiating transactions, witnessing accounting results and verifying them. The proxy node is a bridge connecting the accounting node subnetwork and the business node subnetwork, responsible for message transmission and routing. The data block contains multiple transaction information blocks and is the basic component unit of the blockchain. The block header contains metadata of the data block, such as block hash, previous block hash, timestamp, Merkle root, signature and other information. The block body contains the actual transaction information. The key specific to the accounting node is a unique key assigned by the certification center to each accounting node, which is used to sign the data block to ensure the source and integrity of the data. The signature is the result of encrypting the data block, which is used to verify the authenticity and integrity of the data block. The hash value of all transaction information in the Merkle root data block is used to verify the integrity of the data block to prevent data tampering. The signature verification business node uses the key specific to the accounting node to decrypt the signature and compare the data summary to verify the authenticity and integrity of the data block. The content verification business node verifies whether the transaction information content recorded by the accounting node on the blockchain is authentic by comparing the Merkle root to prevent tampering by the accounting node. Block packaging requirements refer to the conditions for packaging multiple transaction information into a data block for chaining, such as cache size, number of transactions, cache time, etc. The arbitration server is responsible for handling complaints from business nodes, arbitrating whether the accounting nodes are malicious, and taking punitive measures after confirming the malicious behavior. Summary

This study guide provides a comprehensive overview of the data block recording method of the blockchain network, and helps you deeply understand the relevant concepts and mechanisms through test questions, essay questions and key term explanations.